Bilateral renal aneurysms in a chronic hepatitis B patient.

We describe a 41-year-old female with a medical history of chronic hepatitis B. She was not hypertensive. Following right lower back pain, the patient consulted at a local clinic. Right renal aneurysms were detected by renal echo and computerized tomography (CT), and she was referred to us. Computerized tomographic angiography showed multiple aneurysms in both kidneys resembling aneurysms of polyarteritis nodosa (PAN); the largest is about 3 cm in diameter near the hilar region of right kidney (Figure 1). Immunology reports were all negative as shown subsequently: antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs), antimyeloperoxidase antibodies (antiMPO), antinuclear antibody and rheumatoid factor. Hepatitis B surface antigen was positive with negative hepatitis C antibodies. Transarterial angiography (Figure 2) was arranged and embolization of the largest aneurysm was performed successfully. The patient remains well with normal function.